When did plant domestication begin in North America?

The initial domestication of crop plants occurs in the early Holocene, ≈8,000–10,000 years ago, in Southwest Asia, China, Mexico ( 19 , 20 ), and South America. In a few areas, the first species to change appears much later, though <5,000 years ago.

Who were the first farmers?

Agriculture began in the Fertile Crescent more than 11,000 years ago. DNA samples from ancient farmers reveal their relationship to modern humans. The first farmers made an enormous genetic contribution to various European, Asian and African populations.

The plants are closely related to plant species in the temperate deciduous forests of Europe and Asia. In contrast, the plants of other biomes in North America are generally not closely related to the plants that occur in the same biomes elsewhere in the world, although they are similar.

How did Europeans exchange plants and animals?

The exchange of plant and animal species between the New World and the Old World. Overview. When Europeans reached the shores of North America in the late 15th century and began exploring the interior of the continent in the 16th century, they saw the vast land as a source of new plants, animals and minerals that they could use and transport back to Europe.

What did the Europeans bring to North America?

Europeans introduced livestock such as cattle, pigs, chickens, goats, and sheep to North America with the intention of using the meat for food and hides or wool for clothing. They also inadvertently brought in pests and plants, such as rats and various weeds.

How did plants spread from Europe to the New World?

In the late 16th century, European explorers discovered potatoes in South America and transported them to Spain, where the plants spread throughout Europe. Within about 50 years, Europeans transported the spuds back across the ocean to North America. Other plants moved from Europe to the New World.